Intangible Assets

NOTE 11 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The components of intangible assets, all of which are finite-lived, were as follows:

(In millions)	Gross Carrying Amount	Accumulated Amortization	Net Carrying Amount	Gross Carrying Amount	Accumulated Amortization	Net Carrying Amount
Year Ended June 30,			2012			2011
Technology-based ^(a)	$ 3,550	$ (1,899)	$ 1,651	$ 2,356	$ (1,831)	$ 525
Marketing-related	1,325	(136)	1,189	113	(98)	15
Contract-based	824	(644)	180	1,068	(966)	102
Customer-related	408	(258)	150	326	(224)	102
Total	$ 6,107	$ (2,937)	$ 3,170	$ 3,863	$ (3,119)	$ 744

(a) Technology-based intangible assets included $177 million and $179 million as of June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, of net carrying amount of software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed.

We estimate that we have no significant residual value related to our intangible assets. No material impairments of intangible assets were identified during any of the periods presented.

The components of intangible assets acquired during the periods presented were as follows:

(In millions)	Amount	Weighted Average Life	Amount	Weighted Average Life
Year Ended June 30,	2012		2011
Technology-based	$ 1,548	7 years	$ 119	3 years
Marketing-related	1,249	15 years	1	7 years
Contract-based	115	7 years	0
Customer-related	114	5 years	2	4 years
Total	$ 3,026	10 years	$ 122	3 years

Intangible assets amortization expense was $558 million, $537 million, and $707 million for fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Amortization of capitalized software was $117 million, $114 million, and $97 million for fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets held at June 30, 2012:

(In millions)
Year Ending June 30,
2013		$ 597
2014		432
2015		367
2016		304
2017		234
Thereafter		1,236
Total		$ 3,170